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- Akbar was ‘cruel but tolerant’, aurangzeb was ‘Religious fanatic’ NCERT New Book Revises Mughal Era Explaination
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‘Akbar’s rule’ was a mixture of cruelty and tolerance, while Aurangzeb was a military ruler who banned non-Islamic practices and taxed non-Muslims. ‘ This new review of the Mughal period has been included in the Class 8 book of NCERT.
The NCERT class 8 social science status has made a new interpretation of religious decisions, cultural contributions and cruelty of the Mughal rulers. This book will be applicable in schools from 2025-26 academic session.
Babur told military strategists
In the book, Babur is written as ‘Turk-Mangol ruler and military strategist’. It was told that Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi with the help of gunpowder and artillery in the battle of Panipat in 1526 and ended the Delhi Sultanate.
Babur’s son struggled to preserve the Humayun Empire and for a time he lost the kingdom after losing to Sher Shah Suri.
The book describes how the Hindu commander of Sher Shah Suri Hemu was caught by Akbar’s army and after the second battle of Panipat was headed. Hemu also ruled Delhi for some time in the name of Hemachandra Vikramaditya.
‘Akbar’s rule a mixture of cruelty and tolerance’
Akbar’s rule is described as a mixture of cruelty and tolerance in the book. It is written that during the siege of Chittor’s fort in 1568, Akbar ordered the murder of about 30,000 citizens and slaves the remaining women and children.
This information came from this victory letter of Akbar – “We won many forts and cities of Kafirs and established Islam there … With our bloody sword, we erased unrighteous marks from his mind, destroyed those places and temples of the entire Hindustan.”
Apart from this, Akbar finished the Jaziya, welcomed the Rajputs in his court, and promoted the policy of peace from all. He established a translation department in Fatehpur Sikri and got Hindu works like Mahabharata (called Razmanama), Ramayana, Bhagavad Gita and Panchatantra to Persian.
Information about this was told from an article by Abul Fazal- “In the past, I used to consider people to be Islam by forcibly bringing people to my religion … but as knowledge increased, I felt ashamed … When I was not a Muslim myself, it was unfair to force others Muslims …”
Jahangir, Shah Jahan describe the patron of the architecture
Akbar’s successors Jahangir and Shah Jahan have been called the patron of art and architecture in the book. Shah Jahan was specially remembered for the construction of the Taj Mahal. But also told or that in the fight for succession after Shah Jahan’s illness, Aurangzeb killed his brother Dara Shikoh and took his father captive.
Regarding Aurangzeb, it is written in the book-“He gradually banned practices like music and dance in his court, which he considered non-Islamic. Also re-imposed jazia on non-Muslims-these two were removed by Akbar.”
NCERT said- It is important to know the roots of history
The book also mentions incidents of breaking temples in Banaras, Mathura and Somnath and atrocities on Jain, Sikh, Sufi and Parsi communities. In this regard, an NCERT official said, ‘It is wrong to convince someone to be convicted for them today. Understanding the beginning of power, atrocities or wrong ambitions is the right way to create a future where these events do not happen again. ”
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